Definition: Affirmative, negative, imperative ও exclamatory sentence কে interrogative এ রুপান্তর করার জন্যে sentence গুলির শেষে আমারা যে phrase যুক্ত করি তাকে Tag question বলে।
অতবাঃ বক্তা তার বক্তব্যের পক্ষে বা বিপক্ষে সম্মতি অর্জন করার জন্যে বাক্যের শেষে যে প্রশ্ন যুক্ত করে তাকে Tag Question বলে।
মনে রেখঃ
- Tag Question এর অর্থ ” তাই না/তাই কি।
- Tag Question এর ভিন্ন নাম হল Tail question ।
- Tag Question কে British রা Question Tag বলে আর American রা Tag Question বলে।
- Tag Question এর প্রথম অংশ কে statement ও দ্বিতীয় অংশ কে Tag Question বলে।
Example:
Statement Tag
- You are an honest man, aren’t you?
- You are not an honest man, are you?
- Let me help the poor, won’t you?
- Let’s help the poor, shall we?
- I am a student, aren’t I?
- I saw you, didn’t I?
- Let her not read book, will you?
চারটি sentence এর Tag করা যায়।
- Affirmative sentence. ( হ্যাঁ বোধক বাক্য )
- Negative sentence. ( না বোধক বাক্য )
- Imperative sentence. ( অনুজ্ঞা সুচক বাক্য )
- Exclamatory Sentence ( বিস্ময় সূচক বাক্য)
চারটি Sentence এর Tag এর গঠন
- Affirmative sentence এর গঠন := Auxiliary+n’t+ Subj এর pronoun+?
- Negative sentence এর গঠন =Auxiliary+ Subj এর pronoun+?
- Imperative sentence -মুল verb দিয়ে শুরু- এর গঠন=Will you? / won’t you?
- Imperative sentence -Let me/let him/let her/let you/let them/let it/let noun দিয়ে শুরু- এর গঠন=Will you? / won’t you?
- Imperative sentence – let’s/Let us দিয়ে শুরু-এর গঠন= Shall we?
- Exclamatory Sentence এর গঠন := Auxiliary+n’t+ Subj এর pronoun+?
Rule(1) Affirmative sentence এর Tag হবে Negative।
মনে রেখোঃ
যে সব বাক্যের মধ্যে কোন না বোধক শব্দ থাকে না সেইসব বাক্যকে হ্যা বোধক বাক্য বা Affirmative sentence বলে। আর Affirmative sentence এর tag হবে Negative.
গঠন : Auxiliary+n’t+ Subject এর pronoun+?
Example:
Present Indefinite/ Simple Tense : =Do/Does+n’t+Subj+?
মনে রেখোঃ
12 টি tense এর মধ্যে Present ও Past indefinite tense এ কোন auxiliary verb নেই তাই Present indefinite tense এ do/does কে auxiliary verb হিসাবে ব্যাবহার করা হয়েছে এবং Past indefinite tense এ did কে auxiliary verb হিসাবে ব্যাবহার করা হয়েছে।
- She likes coffee, doesn’t she?
- They live in New York, don’t they?
- He works in a bank, doesn’t he?
- You speak Spanish, don’t you?
- Sara needs a Phone, doesnt she?
- Samin has a computer, doesn’t she/hasn’t she?
- I am a village doctor, aren’t I? (Am থাকলে aren’t করতে হয়।)
Present Continuous:=Am/Is/Are+n’t+Subj+?
- She is reading a book, isn’t she?
- They are playing soccer, aren’t they?
- He is studying for the exam, isn’t he?
- You are working today, aren’t you?
Present Perfect:= have/has+n’t+Subj+?
- You have finished your homework, haven’t you?
- They have traveled to Europe, haven’t they?
- He has eaten lunch, hasn’t he?
- She has visited Paris, hasn’t she?
Present Perfect continuous:= have/has+n’t+Subj+?
- She has been working on the project all day, hasn’t she?
- They have been waiting for over an hour, haven’t they?
- We have been studying for the exam, haven’t we?
- He has been practicing the guitar for weeks, hasn’t he?
- You have been feeling sick lately, haven’t you?
Past Indefinite/Simple:=Did+n’t+Subj+?
- You went to the party, didn’t you?
- They watched the movie, didn’t they?
- He arrived early, didn’t he?
- She passed the test, didn’t she?
Past Continuous:=Was/Were+n’t+Subj+?
- They were studying all night, weren’t they?
- He was cooking dinner, wasn’t he?
- You were watching TV, weren’t you?
- She was reading a book, wasn’t she?
past perfect tense:= had+n’t+Subj+?
- She had finished her homework, hadn’t she?
- They had already left when we arrived, hadn’t they?
- We had visited that museum before, hadn’t we?
- He had never seen that movie, had he?
- You had read the book, hadn’t you?
past perfect continuous tense:= had+n’t+Subj+?
- She had been working all day, hadn’t she?
- They had been traveling for hours, hadn’t they?
- We had been waiting for a long time, hadn’t we?
- He had been studying before the exam, hadn’t he?
- You had been practicing the piano, hadn’t you?
Future Indefinite/Simple:=Won’t/Shan’t+Subj+?
- You will help me, won’t you?
- They will come to the meeting, won’t they?
- He will arrive on time, won’t he?
- She will call you tomorrow, won’t she?
- We will finish the project soon, won’t we?
মনে রেখোঃ
Affirmative sentence ও Negative
sentence কে চিনতে হলে যে word গুলোর দ্বারা sentence neative হয় সেইword গুলো মনে রাখা দরকার নিম্নে Negative word গুলো দেওয়া হল।
- No – না
- Not – না
- Never – কখনও না
- None – কেউ না, কিছু না
- Nobody – কেউ না
- Nothing – কিছুই না
- Nowhere – কোথাও না
- Neither – না এটি, না সেটি
- Hardly – খুবই কম, প্রায় না
- Scarcely – খুব কম, প্রায় না
- No one – কেউ না
- None of – কোনো কিছু না
- Barely কোনোমতে
- Rarely – খুব কম, প্রায় না
- seldom – খুব কম, প্রায় না
- Little কিঞ্চিত
- few – খুব কম, প্রায় না
- None কেউ না
- neither কোনটাই না
- never কখনো না
মনে রেখঃ এই word গুলো sentence এর ভিতর থাকলে sentence টি হবে Negative আর না থাকলে sentence হবে Affirmative.
Rule(2) Negative sentence এর Tag হবে Affirmative।
মনে রেখোঃ
যে সব বাক্যের মধ্যে না বোধক শব্দ থাকে সেইসব বাক্যকে না বোধক বাক্য বা Negative sentence বলে। আর Negative sentence এর tag হবে Affirmative.
গঠন : Auxiliary verb+ Subj এর pronoun+?
Example:
Present Indefinite/Simple:=do/does+Subj+?
- She doesn’t like coffee, does she?
- They don’t live in New York, do they?
- He doesn’t work on weekends, does he?
- You don’t eat vegetables, do you?
- It doesn’t snow in winter here, does it?
Present Continuous:=Am/Is/Are+Subj+?
- She isn’t reading a book, is she?
- They aren’t playing soccer, are they?
- He isn’t studying for the exam, is he?
- You aren’t coming to the party, are you?
- We aren’t having dinner right now, are we?
Present Perfect:=have/has+Subj+?
- You haven’t finished your homework, have you?
- They haven’t traveled abroad, have they?
- He hasn’t called yet, has he?
- She hasn’t visited that museum, has she?
- I haven’t met your friends, have I?
Past Indefinite/Simple:=did+Subj+?
- You didn’t go to the concert, did you?
- They didn’t watch the movie, did they?
- He didn’t arrive on time, did he?
- She didn’t pass the test, did she?
- We didn’t see him at the party, did we?
Rule(3) Imperative sentence এর Tag হবে Will you/won’t you+?।
মনে রেখোঃ
Imperative Sentence যদি Do not/ Never দিয়ে শুরু হয় তাহলে tag হবে Will You+? আর Do not/ Never না থাকলে tag হবে Won’t You+?
গঠন : Will You/Won’t You+?
Example:
NB: মুল Verb দিয়ে শুরু Imperative.
- Open the window, won’t you?
- Never open the window, will you?
- Do not Pass me the salt, will you?
- Pass me the salt, won’t you?
- Write your name on the form, won’t you?
- Sit down, won’t you?
- Close the door, won’t you?
- Keep talking, won’t you?
- Stop making noise, will you?
- Stay quiet, won’t you?
- Look at me, won’t you?
- Keep working, won’t you?
- Have a seat, won’t you?
- Finish your meal, won’t you?
- Take a break, won’t you?
- Answer the phone, won’t you?
- Read this email, won’t you?
- Take the bus, won’t you?
- Call me when you get home, won’t you?
- Listen to her, won’t you?
- Join us for dinner, won’t you?
- Tell me the truth, won’t you?
- Keep running, won’t you?
- Stop shouting, will you?
- Wait for me, won’t you?
- Be quiet, won’t you?
- Keep moving, won’t you?
- Help me with this, won’t you?
- Come to the meeting, won’t you?
- Join us for the trip, won’t you?
Rule(4) Let me/Let him/Let her/Let them/Let you দিয়ে শুরু Imperative.
গঠন : Will You/Won’t You+?
- Let her handle the presentation this time,won’t you?
- Let them know we’re running late,won’t you?
- Let Samin lead the meeting today,won’t you?
- Let me explain the instructions one more time,won’t you?
- Let him finish his work before asking for help,won’t you?
- Let her join us for the discussion,won’t you?
- Let them stay as long as they want,won’t you?
- Let Samin take the first turn in the game.Take a look at this, won’t you?
- Let me take care of that for you,won’t you?
Rule(5) Let ‘s/ Let us দিয়ে শুরু Imperative.
গঠন : Shall we+?
Example:
- Let us go to the park, shall we?
- Let us know when you’re ready,shall we?
- Let us finish the project tomorrow, shall we?
- Let us enjoy this moment together, shall we?
- Let us take a break now, shall we?
- Let us plan the trip soon, shall we?
- Let us help you with the preparations, shall we?
- Let us know if you need anything, shall we?
- Let us go out for dinner tonight, shall we?
- Let us start the meeting now, shall we?
Rule(6)Exclamatory Sentence এর Tag
গঠন :Auxiliary+n’t+ Subject এর pronoun+?
Example:
- What a beautiful day it is, isn’t it?
- How amazing this concert is, isn’t it?
- What a wonderful surprise that was, wasn’t it?
- How great the food tastes, doesn’t it?
- What a fantastic movie that was, wasn’t it?
- How exciting this news is, isn’t it?
- What a clever idea that was, wasn’t it?
- How incredible this view is, isn’t it?
- What a talented artist she is, isn’t she?
- How refreshing this drink is, isn’t it?
- What a stunning dress you’re wearing, isn’t it?
- How lovely the flowers smell, don’t they?
- What a thrilling game that was, wasn’t it?
- How beautiful her voice is, isn’t it?
- What a magnificent piece of art that is, isn’t it?
- How spectacular the fireworks were, weren’t they?
- What a delicious cake this is, isn’t it?
- How wonderful that trip was, wasn’t it?
- What an impressive performance that was, wasn’t it?
- How lovely the weather is today, isn’t it?
Rule(7) Subject কে Pronoun করার নিয়ম।
Anybody⇒ They Anything⇒It
Everybody ⇒They Everything⇒It
Somebody ⇒They Nothing⇒It
Nobody ⇒They Something⇒It
Anybody ⇒They Anyone⇒They
Anyone⇒They Someone⇒They
Everyone⇒They No one⇒They
Anything⇒It To +v1( infinitive)⇒ It
Someone ⇒ They V1+ing(gerund) ⇒ It
No one⇒ they Clause(sub+FV) ⇒It
anyone⇒ they Nounব্যাক্তি singular ⇒ He/she
Some of them ⇒ they Nounব্যাক্তি plural ⇒ they
All of them ⇒ they Noun বস্তু singular ⇒ it
None of them ⇒ they Noun বস্তু plural ⇒they
Some of them ⇒ they The +adjective ⇒They
Any of them ⇒ they The Sun ⇒ he
Many of them ⇒ they The Moon ⇒ she
All of you ⇒ you The mother ⇒ it
Some of you ⇒ you The father ⇒ it
None of you ⇒ you The brother⇒ it
Many of you ⇒ you The fox ⇒it
Any of you ⇒ you Earth ⇒ She
All of us⇒ we motherland⇒ She
Many of us ⇒ we River ⇒ She
Any of us⇒ we Ship⇒ She
Some of us ⇒ we there⇒ there
these ⇒ they this ⇒ it
those ⇒ They that ⇒ it
The pious ⇒ They Allah ⇒ He
The rich ⇒ They There ⇒ There
The mother ⇒ it
The titanic ⇒ she
Example:
Infinitive(to+v1)= এর pronoun হবে It
- To waste time is a great sin, isn’t it?
- To learn new skills is important, isn’t it?
- To exercise regularly is beneficial, isn’t it?
- To travel the world sounds exciting, doesn’t it?
- To make a decision quickly can be difficult, can’t it?
To read books every day is a good habit, isn’t it?
Gerund(v1+ing)=এর pronoun হবে It
- Working hard can change one’s life,isn’t it?
- Reading more makes me wise,doesn’t it?
- Wasting time will destroy your life,won’t it?
Clause(একটি Subj ও একটি Finite verb থাকবে) =এর pronoun হবে It
- What he says is true, isn’t it?
- When he will come is uncertain, isn’t it?
- Where Sara lives is in khulna,isn’t it?
- Why She is cying is for food, isn’t it?
The+ Adjective =এর pronoun হবে They
- The rich are not educated always, aren’t they?
- The poor are not honoured always, aren’t they?
The mother দারা মাতৃত্ব বুঝায় = এর pronoun হবে It
- The mother was found in her,wasn’t it?
The fox দ্বারা চালাকি বুঝায়=এর pronoun হবে IT
- The fox was found in him,wasn’t it?
- Only Allah can help my daughters, can’t He?
- The moon removes my sorrow,doesn’t she?
- The Amar Desh says true news, doesn’t it?
Somebody: =এর pronoun হবে They
- Somebody is knocking at the door, aren’t they?
- Somebody called for you earlier, didn’t they?
- Somebody left their umbrella here, didn’t they?
Nobody = এর pronoun হবে They:
- Nobody knows the answer, do they?
- Nobody is here yet, are they?
- Nobody told me about the meeting, did they?
Anybody: = এর pronoun হবে They
- Anybody can join the team, can’t they?
- Anybody seen my keys, have they?
- Anybody would enjoy that movie, wouldn’t they?
Everybody: = এর pronoun হবে They
- Everybody is ready for the trip, aren’t they?
- Everybody is coming to the party, aren’t they?
- Everybody likes chocolate, don’t they?
Someone: = এর pronoun হবে They
- Someone is waiting for you outside, aren’t they?
- Someone must have seen that movie, must n’t they?
- Someone will help you with this, won’t they?
Everyone: = এর pronoun হবে They
- Everyone is attending the meeting, aren’t they?
- Everyone likes the new design, don’t they?
- Everyone has finished their work, haven’t they?
None: = এর pronoun হবে They
- None of the answers were correct, were they?
- None of the students were late, were they?
- None of the cookies are left, are they?
No one: = এর pronoun হবে They
- No one is at the door, are they?
- No one could have predicted this, could they?
- No one has told me about the event, have they?
Anyone: =এর pronoun হবে They
- Anyone can help with the project, can’t they?
- Anyone would love this book, wouldn’t they?
- Anyone interested in the job can apply, can’t they?
Something:=এর pronoun হবে It
- Something smells delicious, doesn’t it?
- Something is missing from this report, isn’t it?
- Something went wrong with the plan, didn’t it?
Anything:=এর pronoun হবে It
- Anything is possible if you try hard enough, isn’t it?
- Anything can happen at the event, can’t it?
Everything:= এর pronoun হবে It
- Everything is ready for the meeting, isn’t it?
- Everything has been packed, hasn’t it?
- Everything went as planned, didn’t it?
Nothing:= এর pronoun হবে It
- Nothing seems to be working today, does it?
- Nothing was left behind, was it?
- Nothing is more important than this, is it?
Some of you:=এর pronoun হবে You
- Some of you could help with the decorations, couldn’t you?
Any of you:=এর pronoun হবে You
- Any of you have the time to meet tomorrow, don’t you?
- Any of you can see my notebook, can’t you?
Many of you =এর pronoun হবে You
- Many of you attended the seminar yesterday, didn’t you?
- Many of you will be participating in the competition, won’t you?
All of you:=এর pronoun হবে You
- All of you are coming to the party tonight, aren’t you?
- All of you have completed the assignment, haven’t you?
None of you:=এর pronoun হবে You
- None of you are available for the meeting, are you?
- None of you have any objections, do you?
- None of you left the door open, did you?
Some of us:=এর pronoun হবে we
- Some of us are going to the conference tomorrow, aren’t we?
- Some of us need to finish the report, don’t we?
- Some of us have already seen that movie, haven’t we?
Any of us=এর pronoun হবে we
- Any of us can help with the project, can’t we?
- Any of us noticed the mistake, did we?
- Any of us have any questions, don’t we?
Many of us:=এর pronoun হবে we
- Many of us will attend the event next week, won’t we?
- Many of us finished the task early, didn’t we?
All of us:=এর pronoun হবে we
- All of us are ready for the presentation, aren’t we?
- All of us need to submit the form by tomorrow, don’t we?
- All of us enjoyed the game, didn’t we?
None of us =এর pronoun হবে we
- None of us have the answer to that question, do we?
- None of us are leaving early today, are we?
- None of us were aware of the change, were we?
Some of them:= এর pronoun হবে They
- Some of them are going to the meeting, aren’t they?
- Some of them have already finished their work, haven’t they?
- Some of them will be attending the event, won’t they?
Any of them:=এর pronoun হবে They
- Any of them could help with the project, couldn’t they?
- Any of them know how to fix the issue, don’t they?
- Any of them have seen my phone, have they?
Many of them:= এর pronoun হবে They
- Many of them enjoyed the concert, didn’t they?
- Many of them have completed the survey, haven’t they?
- Many of them will be joining the competition, won’t they?
All of them:=এর pronoun হবে They
- All of them are coming to the party, aren’t they?
- All of them completed the assignment on time, didn’t they?
- All of them liked the movie, didn’t they?
None of them:= এর pronoun হবে They
- None of them were late, were they?
- None of them have any objections, do they?
- None of them knew about the change, did they?
Rule(8) নিচের Negative Words গুলো থাকলে Tag হবে affirmative
মনে রেখঃ
যে সব বাক্যের মধ্যে না বোধক শব্দ থাকে সেইসব বাক্যকে না বোধক বাক্য বা Negative sentence বলে। আর Negative sentence এর tag হবে Affirmative.
গঠনঃ Auxiliary verb+Subject+?
- No – না
- Not – না
- Never – কখনও না
- None – কেউ না, কিছু না
- Nobody – কেউ না
- Nothing – কিছুই না
- Nowhere – কোথাও না
- Neither – না এটি, না সেটি
- Hardly – খুবই কম, প্রায় না
- Scarcely – খুব কম, প্রায় না
- No one – কেউ না
- None of – কোনো কিছু না
- Barely কোনোমতে
- Rarely – খুব কম, প্রায় না
- seldom – খুব কম, প্রায় না
- Little কিঞ্চিত
- few – খুব কম, প্রায় না
- None কেউ না
- neither কনটাই না
- never কখনো না
Example:
No – না
- You have no friends to help me, do you?
Not – না
- Sara is not going to Khulna, is she?
Never – কখনও না
- You have never gone to Dhaka, have you?
None – কেউ না, কিছু না
- None of the answers are correct, are they?
Nobody – কেউ না
- Nobody called you, did they?
Nothing – কিছুই না
- There’s nothing left to eat here, is there?
Nowhere – কোথাও না
- You’ve been nowhere near the store, have you?
Neither – না এটি, না সেটি
- Neither the red shirt nor the blue one fits, does it?
Hardly – খুবই কম, প্রায় না
- He hardly speaks, does he?
Scarcely – খুব কম, প্রায় না
- They scarcely meet, do they?
No one – কেউ না
- No one answered the phone, did they?
None of – কোনো কিছু না
- None of the food is left, is it?
Barely – কোনোমতে
- She barely passed the exam, did she?
Rarely – খুব কম, প্রায় না
- He rarely loves my daughter, does he?
Seldom – খুব কম, প্রায় না
- I seldom visit the office, do I?
Little – কিঞ্চিত
- There’s little hope left, is there?
Few – খুব কম, প্রায় না
- Few people know about this, do they?
None – কেউ না
- None of them have arrived, have they?
Neither – কোনোটাই না
- You like neither coffee nor tea, do you?
Never – কখনো না
- You have never been late to work, have you?
Rule(9) Auxiliary Verb এর সংক্ষিপ্ত রুপ।
| Auxiliary Verb | Contraction /সংক্ষিপ্ত রুপ |
|---|---|
| Am | ‘m |
| Is | ‘s |
| Are | ‘re |
| Was | ‘s |
| Were | ‘re |
| Have | ‘ve |
| Has | ‘s |
| Had | ‘d |
| Will | ‘ll |
| Shall | ‘ll |
| Would | ‘d |
| Can | |
| Could | ‘d |
| May | |
| Might | |
| Must |
Example:
- You’re coming to the party, aren’t you?
- He’s working today, isn’t he?
- They’ve finished the project, haven’t they?
- It’s a beautiful day, isn’t it?
- You can help me, can’t you?
- We’ve been there before, haven’t we?
- You’re not tired, are you?
- She wasn’t upset, was she?
- They don’t like spicy food, do they?
- He won’t mind if I sit here, will he?
- You didn’t call me, did you?
- We’ll see you tomorrow, won’t we?
- You’ve heard that news, haven’t you?
- I’m right, aren’t I?
- She hasn’t called yet, has she?
- It isn’t raining, is it?
- They’re watching a movie, aren’t they?
- He’s been to Paris, hasn’t he?
- You didn’t forget, did you?
- She’s going to the event, isn’t she?
- We should hurry, shouldn’t we?
- They’ve already left, haven’t they?
- You’re not going to cancel, are you?
- I’m not bothering you, am I?
- She won’t be late, will she?
Rule(10) Auxiliary Verb এর Negative রুপ।
| Auxiliary Verb | Negative Form |
|---|---|
| Am | Aren’t |
| Is | isn’t |
| Are | aren’t |
| Was | wasn’t |
| Were | weren’t |
| Have | haven’t |
| Has | hasn’t |
| Had | hadn’t |
| Will | won’t |
| Shall | shan’t |
| Would | wouldn’t |
| Can | can’t |
| Could | couldn’t |
| May | mayn’t |
| Might | mightn’t |
Must | mustn’t |
Rule(11) Subject নিয়ে যত confusions
Rule (1) দৈর্ঘ্য /প্রস্থ /উচ্চতা পরিমান /ওজন /দুরত্ত/সময়/খেলা স্থান/রগের নাম/বইয়ের নাম দেশের নাম / Magazine এর নাম /নাটকের নাম / সংবাদ পত্র এর নাম / চলচিত্র এর নাম -এরা দেখতে Plural হলেও এদের pronoun হবে It
Example:
- Ten milesis a long way,isn’t it?
- Gulliver’s travels is a famous book,isn’t it?
- The united states is a rich country,isn’t it?
- Ten mounds is a heavy weight,isn’t it?
- Economics is my favorite subject,isn’t it?
- Mathematics is very hard subject,isn’t it?
- To have patience is very hard,isn’t it?
- Wasting time is equal to waste life,isn’t it?
- What he says is false ,isn’t it?
Rule (2)
With সহ / Together with সহ / Along with সহ/As well as এবং /Accompanied by সহ / In addition to এবং/And not / এই words গুলো দ্বারা দুইটি subject যুক্ত থাকলে প্রথম subject অনুযায়ী Tag হবে ।
Example:
I and not he am a student,aren’t I?
They along with I are present,aren’t they?
You as well as I are brilliant,aren’t you?
My father accompanied we is going to Dhaka,isn’t he?
He and not I is a student,isn’t he?
Rule (3)
Either …or / Not….but /Neither …nor /Not only
but also-এদের দ্বারা দুটি subject যুক্ত হলে Tag হবে দ্বিতীয় subject অনুযায়ী.
Example:
You or I am going to Dhaka,aren’t I?
Either she or I am present,aren’t I?
Not they but you have done it,haven’t you?
Neither I nor he is guilty,is he?
Not only she but also Sam will hate it, won’t he?
Rule (4): নিচের noun গুলি দেখতে plural হলেও এরা মূলত singular এদের pronoun হবে It.
mathematics গনিত/ Statistics পরিসংখ্যান
Economics অর্থনীতি / Optics আলোক বিজ্ঞান
Physics পদার্থ বিদ্যা /News সংবাদ
Ethics নীতি বিদ্যা /gallows ফাসির কাস্ট
innings পালা /Small pox বসন্ত রোগ
Example:
Mathematics is my favorite subjects,isn’t it?
Economics is very hard,isn’t it?
The news is very sad,isn’t it?
Physics is a subject of science,isn’t it?
Rule (5) : নিচের collective noun গুলির পরিবর্তে They বসে।
Scissors কাচি /Tongs চিমটা/
Shorts হাফ প্যান্ট / Tweezers সন্না /শোন/
Jeans জিন্স প্যান্ট /Trousers লম্বা পাজামা/
pliers প্লাস /glasses চশমা
Example:
Shorts are haram to wear, aren’t they?
Scissors are used for cutting cloth, aren’t they?
Jeans are expensive, aren’t they?
Glasses are used to protect eyes, aren’t they?
Rule (6) : নিচের collective noun গুলি singular এবং এদের pronoun হবে It.
Class শ্রেণী /Family পরিবার/Corporation পৌরসভা / Faculty অনুষদ/Committee কমিটি /Farm খামার/Crowd জনতা/ Band দল/গ্রুপ/council/Board দল/পরিসদ/chorus গায়কের দল / Group দল/company / government সরকার/Organization সংস্থা/ team দল/orchestra / Audience স্রতা/jury বিচারকের দল /public জনতা/majority/police
Example:
My family is go to Dhaka,isn’t it?
Our class is very big,isn’t it?
The committee have taken the exam,isn’t it?
The crowd is fighting,isn’t it?
Rule (7) নিচের Plural noun গুলি দেখতে singular হলেও এরা মূলত plural, এদের Pronoun হবে They ।
- Child → Children (শিশু → শিশুরা)
- Foot → Feet (পা → পা গুলি)
- Tooth → Teeth (দাঁত → দাঁত গুলি)
- Man → Men (পুরুষ → পুরুষ গুলি)
- Woman → Women (মহিলা → মহিলারা)
- Goose → Geese (হাঁস → হাঁস গুলি)
- Mouse → Mice (ইঁদুর → ইঁদুর গুলি)
- Die → Dice (পাচ গুলি → ডাইস গুলি)
- Cactus → Cacti (ক্যাকটাস → ক্যাকটাস গুলি)
- Focus → Foci (কেন্দ্র → কেন্দ্র গুলি)
- Thesis → Theses (থিসিস → থিসিস গুলি)
- Criterion → Criteria (মানদণ্ড → মানদণ্ড গুলি)
- Appendix → Appendices (অ্যাপেনডিক্স → অ্যাপেনডিক্স গুলি)
- Alumnus → Alumni (প্রাক্তন ছাত্র → প্রাক্তন ছাত্র গুলি)
- Stadium → Stadia (মাঠ → মাঠ গুলি)
- Ox → Oxen (বলদ → বলদ গুলি)
- Knife → Knives (ছুরি → ছুরি গুলি)
- Leaf → Leaves (পাতা → পাতা গুলি)
- Box → Boxes (বক্স → বক্স গুলি)
- Baby → Babies (শিশু → শিশুরা)
- City → Cities (শহর → শহর গুলি)
- Lady → Ladies (মহিলা → মহিলারা)
- Country → Countries (দেশ → দেশ গুলি)
- Hero → Heroes (হিরো → হিরো গুলি)
- Radio → Radios (রেডিও → রেডিও গুলি)
- Scenario → Scenarios (দৃশ্যপট → দৃশ্যপট গুলি)
- Mouse → Mice (ইঁদুর → ইঁদুর গুলি)
- Crisis → Crises (সংকট → সংকট গুলি)
- Child → Children (শিশু → শিশুরা)
- Foot → Feet (পা → পা গুলি)
- Woman → Women (মহিলা → মহিলারা)
- Man → Men (পুরুষ → পুরুষ গুলি)
- Person → People (ব্যক্তি → মানুষ)
- Goose → Geese (হাঁস → হাঁস গুলি)
- Tooth → Teeth (দাঁত → দাঁত গুলি)
- Stadium → Stadia (স্টেডিয়াম → স্টেডিয়াম গুলি)
- Cactus → Cacti (ক্যাকটাস → ক্যাকটাস গুলি)
- Focus → Foci (কেন্দ্র → কেন্দ্র গুলি)
- Appendix → Appendices (অ্যাপেনডিক্স → অ্যাপেনডিক্স গুলি)
- Crisis → Crises (সংকট → সংকট গুলি)
- Thesis → Theses (থিসিস → থিসিস গুলি)
- Alumnus → Alumni (প্রাক্তন ছাত্র → প্রাক্তন ছাত্র গুলি)
- Child → Children (শিশু → শিশুরা)
- Foot → Feet (পা → পা গুলি)
- Tooth → Teeth (দাঁত → দাঁত গুলি)
- Man → Men (পুরুষ → পুরুষ গুলি)
- Woman → Women (মহিলা → মহিলারা)
- Goose → Geese (হাঁস → হাঁস গুলি)
- Mouse → Mice (ইঁদুর → ইঁদুর গুলি)
- Cactus → Cacti (ক্যাকটাস → ক্যাকটাস গুলি)
- Focus → Foci (কেন্দ্র → কেন্দ্র গুলি)
- Criterion → Criteria (মানদণ্ড → মানদণ্ড গুলি)
- Appendix → Appendices (অ্যাপেনডিক্স → অ্যাপেনডিক্স গুলি)
- Alumnus → Alumni (প্রাক্তন ছাত্র → প্রাক্তন ছাত্র গুলি)
- Stadium → Stadia (মাঠ → মাঠ গুলি)
- Ox → Oxen (বলদ → বলদ গুলি)
- Knife → Knives (ছুরি → ছুরি গুলি)
- Leaf → Leaves (পাতা → পাতা গুলি)
- Box → Boxes (বক্স → বক্স গুলি)
- Baby → Babies (শিশু → শিশুরা)
- City → Cities (শহর → শহর গুলি)
- Lady → Ladies (মহিলা → মহিলারা)
- Country → Countries (দেশ → দেশ গুলি)
- Hero → Heroes (হিরো → হিরো গুলি)
- Radio → Radios (রেডিও → রেডিও গুলি)
- Scenario → Scenarios (দৃশ্যপট → দৃশ্যপট গুলি)
- Mouse → Mice (ইঁদুর → ইঁদুর গুলি)
- Crisis → Crises (সংকট → সংকট গুলি)
- Child → Children (শিশু → শিশুরা)
- Foot → Feet (পা → পা গুলি)
- Woman → Women (মহিলা → মহিলারা)
- Man → Men (পুরুষ → পুরুষ গুলি)
- Person → People (ব্যক্তি → মানুষ)
- Goose → Geese (হাঁস → হাঁস গুলি)
- Tooth → Teeth (দাঁত → দাঁত গুলি)
- Stadium → Stadia (স্টেডিয়াম → স্টেডিয়াম গুলি)
- Cactus → Cacti (ক্যাকটাস → ক্যাকটাস গুলি)
- Focus → Foci (কেন্দ্র → কেন্দ্র গুলি)
- Appendix → Appendices (অ্যাপেনডিক্স → অ্যাপেনডিক্স গুলি)
- Thesis → Theses (থিসিস → থিসিস গুলি)
- Alumnus → Alumni (প্রাক্তন ছাত্র → প্রাক্তন ছাত্র গুলি)
- Child → Children (শিশু → শিশুরা)
- Foot → Feet (পা → পা গুলি)
- Tooth → Teeth (দাঁত → দাঁত গুলি)
- Man → Men (পুরুষ → পুরুষ গুলি)
- Woman → Women (মহিলা → মহিলারা)
- Goose → Geese (হাঁস → হাঁস গুলি)
- Mouse → Mice (ইঁদুর → ইঁদুর গুলি)
- Die → Dice (ডাইস → ডাইস গুলি)
- Cactus → Cacti (ক্যাকটাস → ক্যাকটাস গুলি)
- Focus → Foci (কেন্দ্র → কেন্দ্র গুলি)
- Criterion → Criteria (মানদণ্ড → মানদণ্ড গুলি)
- Deer হরিন গুলি/ salmon স্যামন মাছ গুলি/moose হরিন গুলি/ fishমাছ গুলি/ lice উকুন গুলি / mice ইদুর গুলি/data তথ্য গুলি /offspring/sheep ভেড়া গুলি /agenda আলোচ্য বিষয় গুলি /magi জ্ঞানীরা /aristocracyঅভিজাত বর্গ/ /nobility অভিজাত বর্গ / clergy পাদ্রি গন / cattle গবাদি পশু গুলি / Poultry হাস মুরগি গুলি /gentry ভদ্র লোক গুলি / errata ছাপার ভুল গুলি/ formulae সুত্র গুলি / folk লোক /memoranda স্মারক লিপি /phenomena ঘটনা গুলি/ alumni প্রাক্তন ছাত্র ছাত্রী গুলি /oxen সাড় গুলি /feet/Deer হরিন গুলি/ syllabi /loci সঠিক স্থান গুলি/ foci কেন্দ্র বিন্দু গুলি / media গন মাধ্যম গুলি/Elite অভিজাত বর্গ/vermin পোকা গুলি
Example:
- The children are playing outside, aren’t they?
- The men have finished their work, haven’t they?
- Those geese are flying south, aren’t they?
- The mice are in the kitchen, aren’t they?
- The oxen are pulling the cart, aren’t they?
- The leaves have fallen from the tree, haven’t they?
- The teeth of the comb are broken, aren’t they?
- The knives are on the table, aren’t they?
- The bookshelves are full, aren’t they?
- The feet are sore from walking, aren’t they?
- The feet of the table are uneven, aren’t they?
- The fish are swimming in the pond, aren’t they?
- The soldiers have returned from the battlefield, haven’t they?
- The criteria for the job have been set, haven’t they?
- The criteria are clear, aren’t they?
- The fungi in the forest are growing fast, aren’t they?
- The deer have been spotted in the field, haven’t they?
Rule(12) Complex Sentence এর Tag হবে Principal Clause অনুযায়ী। নিচের Complex Sentence গুলির মধ্যে লাল মার্ক করা Clause গুলি হল Principal Clause.
Example:
- She had finished her homework before the party started, hadn’t she?
- Since you had already eaten, you weren’t hungry, were you?
- Although she was tired, she kept working, didn’t she?
- If you had studied harder, you could have passed the exam, couldn’t you?
Rule(13) Complex Sentence এ Conjunction না থাকলে Tag হবে Sub ordinate Clause অনুযায়ী। নিচের Complex Sentence গুলির মধ্যে লাল মার্ক করা Clause গুলি হল Subordinate Clause.
Example:
- The water Sirat drinks is not pure, doesn’t she?
- Sunzida knows David will solve the problem, won’t he?
Rule(14) Compound Sentence এর Tag যে কোন Clause অনুযায়ী হতে পারে । নিচের Compound Sentence গুলির মধ্যে লাল মার্ক করা Clause
গুলি হল Coordinate Clause.
Example:
- She loves reading books, and he enjoys watching movies, doesn’t he/she?
- You’ve finished your homework, and I’ve done mine, haven’t you/I?
- He can play the piano beautifully, but he prefers the guitar, doesn’t he??
- They moved to a new house last week, and everything is settling in well, isn’t it?/didn’t they?
Rule(15) Verb এর পরে Object হিসাবে You থাকলে Tag হবে don’t I?/don’t you?
Example:
- Wish you good luck, don’t I?/don’t we?
- Thank you, don’t I?/don’t we?
Rule(16) Little/few হল negative word এদের tag হবে affirmative
আর A little/ A few হল Positive word এদের tag হবে negative।
Example:
- She has a little time left before the meeting, hasn’t she?
- There is little milk in the fridge, is there?
- We have a few things to discuss, don’t we?/haven’t we?
- He ate little cake, did he?
- You have few friend in this city, have you?
- There were few people at the concert, were there?
- She speaks little Spanish, does she?
Rule(17) কিছু Noun আছে যাদের ভিতর পুরুষের গুনাগুন বিদ্যামান তাদের Pronoun হবে he ।
Example:
Sun, Death, Time, Love , Summer , Winter, Anger, Thunder, Revenge , Fear, Day ,Wind, War , Grave= he
- Sun: The sun sets early in winter, doesn’t he?
- Death: Death is inevitable, isn’t he?
- Time: Time flies when you’re having fun, doesn’t he?
- Love: Love conquers all, doesn’t he?
- Summer: Summer is your favorite season, isn’t he?
- Anger: Anger can cloud your judgment, can’t he?
- Thunder: Thunder scares the children, doesn’t he?
- Revenge: Revenge never brings true peace, doesn’t he?
- Fear: Fear can hold you back, can’t he?
- Day: The day was bright and sunny, wasn’t he?
- Wind: The wind is picking up, isn’t he?
- War: War brings nothing but destruction, doesn’t he?
- Grave: The grave is silent, isn’t he?
- Sun: The sun rises in the east, doesn’t he?
- Death: Death is a part of life, isn’t he?
- Time: Time waits for no one, does he?
- Love: Love can be both beautiful and painful, can’t he?
- Winter: Winter brings snow to the mountains, doesn’t he?
Rule(18) কিছু Noun আছে যাদের ভিতর নারীর গুনাগুন বিদ্যামান তাদের Pronoun হবে =she ।
Example:
Modesty, Earth, Moon, Truth, Religion,Mercy, Nature, Night, Liberty, Peace, Virtue, Autumn, Spring, Justice, Charity, দেশের নাম, জাহাজের নাম, কোন যানবাহনের নাম =She
- Modesty: Modesty is a virtue, isn’t she?
- Earth: The Earth revolves around the sun, doesn’t she?
- Moon: The moon looks beautiful tonight, doesn’t she?
- Truth: The truth will always come out, won’t she?
- Religion: Religion plays a big role in many people’s lives, doesn’t she?
- Mercy: Mercy is a sign of strength, isn’tshe?
- Nature: Nature has a way of healing, doesn’t she?
- Night: The night is peaceful, isn’t she?
- Liberty: Liberty is something worth fighting for, isn’t she?
- Peace: Peace is something we all long for, isn’t she?
- Virtue: Virtue is often rewarded, isn’t she?
- Autumn: Autumn brings cooler weather, doesn’t she?
- Spring: Spring is full of new beginnings, isn’t she?
- Justice: Justice must be served, shouldn’t she?
- Charity: Charity begins at home, doesn’t she?
Exercise, Practice
- Salsabil cut her finger,didn’t she? (এটি একটি Past indefinite tense )
- Salsabil cuts her finger,doesn’t she? (এটি একটি Present indefinite tense )
- Salim Khan read a lot,didn’t he? (এটি একটি Past indefinite tense )
- Salim Khan reads a lot,doesn’t he? (এটি একটি Present indefinite tense )
- Salim needs some food, doesn’t he? (এটি একটি Present indefinite tense ও need main verb)
- Salim needed some food, didn’t he? (এটি একটি Past indefinite tense ও needed main verb)
- Sunzida need not stay here, need she? ( এখানে need auxiliary verb হিসাবে বসেছে। needএর পরে not থাকলে need দিয়ে tag করতে হবে। )
- Samin Anan used to play hide and seek, didn’t She?
- Sara never thought what she had achieved, did she?
- মনে রেখঃ Complex Sentence এর Tag হবে Principal Clause অনুসারে ।
- “All’s well that ends well”, isn’t it?
- “What is broken can not be repaired”, can it?
- “Time and tide waits for none,” does it?
- “Time and tide wait for none,” do they?
- They is an English word, isn’t it?
- Universities close at 4 PM , don’t they?
- Sinin and Mahisha have good mind, haven’t they?
- Sinin has good mind, hasn’t she?
- Sinin had good mind, hadn’t she?
- This is a Samin’s new car, isn’t it?
- These are Salim’s Students, aren’t they?
- That was my fast journey London, wasn’t it?
- Those were my memorable days, weren’t they?
- One needs to do well in one’s life, doesn’t one?
- The moon shines at night , doesn’t it?/doesn’t she?
- Though Sara is sick, she will go to mosque,won’t she?
- The water Sirat drinks is not pure,doesn’t she?
- Salsabil reads more and now she is sleeping, isn’t she?
- Nice day, isn’t it?
- I think Sara is Bangladeshi, isn’t she?
- Thank you, don’t I?/don’t we?
- Wish you good luck,I?/don’t we?
